A modern surgical endodontic treatment is a predictable and efficient procedure. Like any treatment modality, surgical endodontics is exposed to risk of complications. Possible complications should be considered in the decision making process, so they could be anticipated, prevented, diagnosed or managed correctly. Both patient and practitioner related matters, that might affect the risk of complications and the ability to manage those complications in case they occur, need to be recognized.
The application of an evidence-based approach for prevention, identification and management of surgical complications should result in a reduction of mistakes in the clinical decision making process.